- Chimica Generale, Eugenio Giachetti & Francesco Ranaldi, Edizioni Masterbooks
- Chimica Organica e Propedeutica Biochimica, Francesco Ranaldi, Edizioni Masterbooks
- Chimica generale, Peter W. Atkins & Loretta Jones, Edizioni Zanichelli
- Principi di Chimica Generale e organica, E. Santaniello, M. Alberghina, M. Coletta, S. Marini, Edizioni Piccin
- Stechiometria, I. Bertini, C. Luchinat, F. Mani, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana
The first and second book cover all arguments of the course. The third book is for general chemistry only. The fourth book covers all arguments of the course. The fifth book is for excercies only and is advisable only if the student considers the excercises provided online insufficient.
- Chimica Generale, Eugenio Giachetti & Francesco Ranaldi, Edizioni Masterbooks
- Chimica Organica e Propedeutica Biochimica, Francesco Ranaldi, Edizioni Masterbooks
- Chimica generale, Peter W. Atkins & Loretta Jones, Edizioni Zanichelli
- Principi di Chimica Generale e organica, E. Santaniello, M. Alberghina, M. Coletta, S. Marini, Edizioni Piccin
- Stechiometria, I. Bertini, C. Luchinat, F. Mani, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana
The first and second book cover all arguments of the course. The third book is for general chemistry only. The fourth book covers all arguments of the course. The fifth book is for excercies only and is advisable only if the student considers the excercises provided online insufficient.
Learning Objectives - Part A
The Integrated Course provides the theoretical basis for understanding the general and organic chemistry, starting from the basic principles ( such as the structure of the atom) to the complex reactions of organic chemistry. The course also provides the methodology to solve the most common chemical exercises
The knowledge acquired allow the understanding of the structure of complex macromolecules that make up the human body and the chemical reactions of metabolism, or the topics of the Integrated Course of Biochemistry.
Learning Objectives - Part B
The Integrated Course provides the theoretical basis for understanding the general and organic chemistry, starting from the basic principles ( such as the structure of the atom) to the complex reactions of organic chemistry. The course also provides the methodology to solve the most common chemical exercises
The knowledge acquired allow the understanding of the structure of complex macromolecules that make up the human body and the chemical reactions of metabolism, or the topics of the Integrated Course of Biochemistry.
Prerequisites - Part A
Prerequisites approved by the "Corso di Laurea magistrale" (cdlm)
Prerequisites - Part B
Prerequisites approved by CDL
Teaching Methods - Part A
Lectures on theoretical principles, lessons provided in e-learning on methodologies to solve the exercises and exercises, lessons provided in e-learning on nomenclature and modern batteries
Teaching Methods - Part B
Lectures on theoretical principles, lessons provided in e-learning on methodologies to solve the exercises and exercises, lessons provided in e-learning on nomenclature and modern batteries
Further information - Part A
All professors of the course receive students on request: please send an e-mail to
name.surname@unifi.it
Further information - Part B
All the professors of the course receive students on request : please send an e-mail to
name.surname@unifi.it
Type of Assessment - Part A
Written and oral exam on the entire program. The two written and oral components can be taken in the same "appello" or even in different "appelli", as long as in the same exam session (for example that of January-February, or that of June-July, or that of September). The duration of the written test is 75 minutes and the topics are both exercises and theory questions on the entire program of general chemistry and organic chemistry. The exam is passed if learning is verified regarding the specific "training objectives" described above.
Type of Assessment - Part B
Written and oral exam on the entire program. The two written and oral components can be taken in the same "appello" or even in different "appelli", as long as in the same exam session (for example that of January-February, or that of June-July, or that of September). The duration of the written test is 75 minutes and the topics are both exercises and theory questions on the entire program of general chemistry and organic chemistry. The exam is passed if learning is verified regarding the specific "training objectives" described above.
Course program - Part A
- Composition of the atom; isotopes and atomic weight; force that holds together the protons in the nucleus and the mass defect; The concept of mole.
- Wave equation and wave functions; atomic orbitals.
- Electronic configuration of the elements by the rules of AUFBAU, electronic configuration; organizational criteria of the elements and performance of periodic properties of the elements.
- Ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity; octet rule; ionic and covalent chemical bond.
- Ionic compounds and lattice energy associated with them
- Properties of the covalent bond; covalent bonds homopolar and heteropolar, single, double and triple, conventional or dative, sigma and π.
- Hybridization of atomic orbitals; VSEPR principle and concept of resonance; structural formulas and brute formula of a compound; classes of inorganic chemical compounds.
- van der Waals forces and hydrogen bond; states of matter, relationship between cohesion forces, kinetic energy and state of aggregation; main types of compounds.
- Gas state; gas laws; state diagrams.
- Solution and solvation; concentration of a solution; osmotic pressure; homogeneous mixtures, heterogeneous and colloidal.
- Chemical reactions; oxidation state and redox reactions.
- Thermodynamics of reactions; enthalpy, entropy and free energy in the reactions; the general principles of thermochemical and Hess law.
- Reaction rate; chemical, kinetic constant speed, reaction order, factors that affect the rate of reaction; models describing the reaction mechanisms; catalysis.
- Law of mass action; relationship between ΔG ° and the equilibrium constant; the degree of dissociation; Le Chatelier's principle.
- Auto ionization of water; pH and pOH; main acid-base theories; weak and strong acids and bases; acid-base balance in solution; acids and mono- and multi-functional bases, amphoteric substances and salts with acid-base properties; buffer solutions, acid-base titrations.
- Electrochemical Basics; main types of batteries, with particular reference to the batteries used in the medical field.
- Carbon compounds and molecular formulas, and rational structure.
- IUPAC nomenclature; chemical and physical properties and characteristics of reactions and synthesis of the main classes of organic compounds.
- Meaning and biological reflexes of stereoisomery phenomenon of organic molecules.
- Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.
- Acyl halides
- Alcohols, ethers, polyhydric alcohols, phenols and thiols of biological interest.
- Aldehydes and ketones.
- Carboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, hydroxy acids and keto acids of biochemical interest; functional derivatives of carboxylic acids (acyl chlorides, esters, amides and anhydrides).
- Aliphatic and aromatic amines.
- Carbohydrates (monosaccharides, with particular emphasis on their stereochemistry), disaccharides and polysaccharides; lipids (triglycerides, phospholipids and steroid hormones);
- Amino acids, with particular reference to the peptide bond.
- main aromatic heterocyclic structures and not, with reference to the compounds of biochemical interest.
Course program - Part B
- Composition of the atom; isotopes and atomic weight; force that holds together the protons in the nucleus and the mass defect; The concept of mole.
- Wave equation and wave functions; atomic orbitals.
- Electronic configuration of the elements by the rules of AUFBAU,
electronic configuration; organizational criteria of the elements and performance of periodic properties of the elements.
- Ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity; octet rule; ionic and covalent chemical bond.
- Ionic compounds and lattice energy associated with them
- Properties of the covalent bond; covalent bonds homopolar and
heteropolar, single, double and triple, conventional or dative, sigma and π.
- Hybridization of atomic orbitals; VSEPR principle and concept of
resonance; structural formulas and brute formula of a compound; classes of inorganic chemical compounds.
- van der Waals forces and hydrogen bond; states of matter, relationship between cohesion forces, kinetic energy and state of aggregation; main types of compounds.
- Gas state; gas laws; state diagrams.
- Solution and solvation; concentration of a solution; osmotic pressure; homogeneous mixtures, heterogeneous and colloidal.
- Chemical reactions; oxidation state and redox reactions.
- Thermodynamics of reactions; enthalpy, entropy and free energy in the reactions; the general principles of thermochemical and Hess law.
- Reaction rate; chemical, kinetic constant speed, reaction order, factors that affect the rate of reaction; models describing the reaction mechanisms; catalysis.
- Law of mass action; relationship between ΔG ° and the equilibrium
constant; the degree of dissociation; Le Chatelier's principle.
- Auto ionization of water; pH and pOH; main acid-base theories; weak and strong acids and bases; acid-base balance in solution; acids and mono- and multi-functional bases, amphoteric substances and salts with
acid-base properties; buffer solutions, acid-base titrations.
- Electrochemical Basics; main types of batteries, with particular
reference to the batteries used in the medical field.
- Carbon compounds and molecular formulas, and rational structure.
- IUPAC nomenclature; chemical and physical properties and
characteristics of reactions and synthesis of the main classes of organic compounds.
- Meaning and biological reflexes of stereoisomery phenomenon of
organic molecules.
- Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.
- Acyl halides - Alcohols, ethers, polyhydric alcohols, phenols and thiols of biological interest.
- Aldehydes and ketones.
- Carboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, hydroxy acids and keto acids of biochemical interest; functional derivatives of carboxylic acids (acyl chlorides, esters, amides and anhydrides).
- Aliphatic and aromatic amines.
- Carbohydrates (monosaccharides, with particular emphasis on their stereochemistry), disaccharides and polysaccharides; lipids (triglycerides, phospholipids and steroid hormones);
- Amino acids, with particular reference to the peptide bond.
- main aromatic heterocyclic structures and not, with reference to the compounds of biochemical interest